As this publication isn’t directly concerned with same-sex relations, I’ll only be summarizing and quoting a few pertinent details. In general, the work is a hit piece on Christina, alleging all manner of immoral and criminal behavior, with as great a salacious spin as possible. While Christina was capable of autocratic and violent behavior, I’d hesitate to put credence in any specific detail given here without corroboration. Nevertheless, it speaks to the types of opinions floating around. The claim in the subtitle that it is “rendered into English from the French original” is fiction.
primary sources
LHMP entry
Although the date of this article should serve as a warning for homophobic content, it presents an extremely thorough dissection of three topics: the evidence for Henry Fielding as author of The Female Husband, the relationship of The Female Husband to the objective facts of Mary Hamilton’s life and trial (i.e., tenuous), and the most likely sources for Fielding’s fictional additions and substitutions. I’m going to skim over much of the detailed evidence, but will use this opportunity to include the text of the primary sources that Baker quotes.
In 1746, a young woman named Mary Price discovered that her recently-wed husband was assigned female at birth. She considered herself to have been defrauded and brought the matter to the attention of the law. Her husband was tried and found guilty under the vagrancy laws. England had no laws that addressed cross-dressing or gender-crossing specifically, and the legal records indicate that the system did a certain amount of head-scratching to figure out what charges to bring—though they were clear that they planned to find something.
The Second Edition Material
As done for Mary Read, here’s a highly speculative timeline structured around key events in the General History narrative, though there are fewer anchor points to specific dates. (Both women’s narratives make reference to things like the King’s Pardon, but in ways that don’t align well with the known timelines.) I’ve included some details from the 2nd edition which elaborate on events but don’t add substantial changes to the timeline. Many of the dates are vague estimates based on trying to coordinate descriptions in the General History to documented historic events.
The LIFE of ANNE BONNY.
Only two events in Read’s narrative can be tied with certainty to a specific date: her husband’s death around the date of the Peace of Reswick, which occurred in 1697, and her capture and trial in 1720. The following highly speculative timeline is worked backwards and forwards around these dates. Note that this timeline attempts to make sense of the General History narrative, without otherwise evaluating its likely accuracy.
The LIFE of MARY READ,
The General History of the Pirates
And now we’re ready to see what the General History says about Bonny and Read, three years after these events. The text I have is the second edition. My understanding is that the first edition also contained the material on Bonny and Read in the main text, but that only the appendices were new to the second edition.
Sorting Out Rackham’s Crew
Given the wide variety of numbers given for Rackham’s crew, it might be useful to digress a moment and try to sort things out.
Pages
